Immigrants
into Citizens: Political Mobilization in France And Canada |
By
Sarah Virginia Wayland
Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School
of The University of Maryland in partial fulfillment
of the requirements for the degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
1995
© Copyright by
Sarah Virginia Wayland
1995
Abstract/Preface/Dedication/Acknowledgements/Table of Contents/List
of Figures
Chapter 1 - Chapter 2 - Chapter 3 - Chapter 4 - Chapter 5 - Chapter 6 - Chapter 7 - Chapter 8 - Appendix/Bibliography
APPENDIX:
IMMIGRANT, ETHNORACIAL MINORITY, AND SOLIDARITY
ORGANIZATIONS INTERVIEWED
Paris region, France
- Amicale des Algériens en Europe
- Association Culturelles des Maghrébins de Sarcelles
- Association de la Nouvelle Génération Immigrée
- Association des Tunisiens en France
- Comité Nationale contre le Double Peine
- Conseil des Associations Immigrés en France
- Democratia
- Espérance Arabe
- Fédération des Travailleurs Africains en France
- France Plus
- Génération Beur
- Groupe d'Information et de Soutien des Travailleurs Immigrés (GISTI)
- Ligue des Droits de l'Homme (LDH)
- Maison des Travailleurs Turques (Association Elélé)
- Mouvement contre le Racisme et pour l'Amitie entre les Peuples (MRAP)
- Nanas-Beurs
- SOS Racisme
- Union Générale des Vietnamiens en France
Metropolitan Toronto, Canada
- Alliance for South Asian AIDS Prevention
- Association of Concerned Guyanese
- Association of Women of India in Canada
- Black Business and Professional Association
- Black Action Defense Committee (BAD-C)
- Black Coalition for AIDS Prevention
- Canadian Hispanic Congress, Ontario Chapter
- Canadian Congress of Eastern Caribbean Associations
- Canadian African Newcomer Aid Centre of Toronto
- Canadian Arab Federation
- Centre for Spanish Speaking Peoples
- Chinese Canadian National Council, Toronto Chapter
- Coalition of Visible Minority Women
- Coalition of Agencies Serving South Asians
- Consortium for Youth Empowerment
- Dixon Hall Neighbourhood Social and Family Service Centre
- Ethiopian Association of Toronto
- Federation of Associations of Canadian Tamils
- Hindu Solidarity Association
- Hispanic Council of Metro Toronto
- Intercede, Toronto Organization for Domestic Workers' Rights
- Jamaican Canadian Association
- Kababayan Community Centre (Filipino)
- Korean Canadian Women's Association
- Latin American Community Centre
- Multicultural Coalition for Access to Family Services
- National Association of Japanese Canadians, Toronto Chapter
- New Life Centre (Centro Nueva Vida)
- Ontario Immigrant and Visible Minority Women's Organization
- Ontario Council of Sikhs
- Ontario Council of Agencies Serving Immigrants (OCASI)
- Riverdale Immigrant Women's Centre
- Society for Aid to Sri Lankan Minorities
- South Asian Women's Group
- Tamil Eelam Society of Canada
- Toronto Asian Community Centre
- University Settlement Recreation Centre
- Urban Alliance on Race Relations
- West Indian Volunteer Community Association
- Women Working with Immigrant Women
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Abele, Frances and Daiva Stasiulis. 1989. "Canada as a 'White Settler Colony:'
What About Natives and Immigrants?" in Wallace Clement and Glen Williams, eds., The
New Canadian Political Economy. Kingston: McGill-Queens University Press, pp. 240-77.
Abella, Irving and Harold Troper. 1982. None is Too Many: Canada and the Jews of
Europe, 1937-1948. Toronto: Lester and Orpen Dennys.
Abella, Judge Rosalie Silberman, Commissioner. 1984 (October). Equality in
Employment: A Royal Commission Report (Report of the Commission on Equality in Employment).
Ottawa: Minister of Supply and Services.
Adelman, Howard. 1982. Canada and the IndoChinese Refugees. Regina: L.A. Weigl
Educational Associates Limited.
ADRI. [Agence pour le développment des relations interculturelles.] 1988. Communautés
Immigrées: Répertoire d'adresses utiles. Paris: ADRI.
Aïchoune, Farid. 1991. Nés en banlieue. Paris: Ramsay.
Almond, Gabriel A. and Sidney Verba. 1963. The Civic Culture. Princeton, N.J.:
Princeton University Press.
Amara, Saliha and Said Idir. 1991. "Le 'mouvement beur': résumé des chapitres
précédents." Hommes et Migrations (1144): 19-26.
Amer, Marianne and Pierre Milya. 1990. L'immigration en France au XXe Siècle.
Paris: Armand Colin.
Amin, Nuzhat. 1987 (October). "A Preliminary History of Settlement Work in
Ontario, 1900 - Present." Report prepared for the Ontario Ministry of Citizenship,
Citizenship Development Branch.
Anctil, Pierre. 1986. "Introduction: Ethnicity in Québec." Canadian
Ethnic Studies 18 (2): 1-6.
Anderson, Alan B. and Frideres, James S. 1981. Ethnicity in Canada. Toronto:
Butterworths.
Anderson, Benedict. 1983. Imagined Communities. London: Verso.
Banton, Michael P. 1983. Racial and Ethnic Competition. Cambridge, New York:
Cambridge University Press.
Barnes, Samuel M., Max Kaase, et al. 1979. Political Action: Mass Political
Participation in Five Western Democracies. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Barreau, Jean-Claude. 1992. De L'Immigration en général et de la nation française
en particulier. Paris: Le Pré aux Clercs.
Barrett, Stanley R. 1987. Is God A Racist? The Right Wing in Canada. Toronto:
University of Toronto Press.
Barth, Fredrick, ed. 1969. Ethnic Groups and Boundaries. Boston: Little Brown.
Bauer, Julien. 1991. "Les minorités en France, au Canada, et au Québec:
Minoritaires ou mineurs?" Revue Québécoise de science politique 20: 5-33.
Beaujot, Roderic and J. Peter Rappak. 1990. "The Evolution of Immigrant
Cohorts" in Shiva S. Halli, Frank Trovato, and Leo Driedger, eds., Ethnic
Demography. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, pp. 111-40.
Beaune, Colette. 1991. The Birth of an Ideology: Myths and Symbols of Nation in Late
Medieval France. Translated by Susan Ross Huston. Berkeley: University of California
Press.
Begag, Azouz. 1990. "The French-Born Youths Originating in North-African
Immigration. From Socio-Spatial Relegation to Political Participation." International
Migration 28(1): 81-8.
Bell, Daniel. 1975. "Ethnicity and social change" in Nathan Glazer and Daniel
P. Moynihan, eds., Ethnicity, Theory and Experience. Cambridge: Harvard University
Press.
Beriss, David. 1990. "Scarves, Schools, and Segregation: The Foulard
Affair." French Politics & Society 8 (1): 1-13.
Bettegay, Alain. 1990. "La destabilisation des associations beurs en région
Rhône-Alpes." Les Annales de la Recherche Urbaine 12: 104-13.
Bibby, Reginald. 1990. Mosaic Madness: the poverty and potential of life in
Canada. Toronto: Stoddard.
Bienvenue, Rita M. and Jay E. Goldstein, eds. 1985. Ethnicity and Ethnic Relations
in Canada. 2d ed. Toronto: Butterworths.
Billingsley, Brenda and Leon Muszynki. 1985. No Discrimination Here? Toronto
Employers and the Multi-Racial Work Force. Toronto: Urban Alliance on Race Relations
and the Social Planning Council of Metropolitan Toronto.
Black Secretariat. 1990. The Black Directory. 4th ed. Toronto: The Black
Secretariat.
Blatt, David. 1991. "The Foulard Affair: The End of the 1980s in
France." Unpublished paper, Cornell University.
Blishen, Bernard. 1986. "Continuity and Change in Canadian Values" in Alan
Cairns and Cynthia Williams, research coordinators, The Politics of Gender, Ethnicity,
and Language in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto, pp. 1-26.
Bloom, Allan. 1987. The Closing of the American Mind. New York: Simon and
Schuster.
Body-Gendrot, Sophie. 1988. "Les immigrés dans la vie politique aux États-Unis
et en France." Revue Européenne des Migrations Internationales 4 (3): 7-22.
Bolaria, B. Singh and Peter S. Li. 1985. Racial Oppression in Canada. Toronto:
Garamond Press.
Bonacich, Edna. 1972. "A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor
Market." American Sociological Review 37: 547-59.
Bonnet, Jean-Charles. 1976. Les pouvoirs publics français et l'immigration dans
l'entre-deux-guerres. Lyon: Presses de l'Université de Lyon II.
Bouamama, Saïd. 1988. "De l'anti-racisme à la citoyenneté." IM'média
6 (Spring/Summer).
Bouamama, Saïd, Albano Cordeiro, and Michel Roux. 1992. La Citoyenneté dans tous
ses états: de l'immigration à la nouvelle citoyenneté. Paris: CIEMI, l'Harmattan.
Boubeker, Ahmed and Nicolas Beau. 1986. Chroniques métissées. Paris: Alain
Moreau.
Bouregba-Dichy, Myrian. 1990. "Des militants maghrébins de la deuxième
génération en France." Revue Tiers Monde 31 (123): 623-636.
Bozarslan, Hamit. 1988. "Les associations maghrébines et turques et l'espace
immigré." Mémoire de D.E.A., Institute d'Études Politiques, Paris.
Brass, Paul, ed. 1985. Ethnic Groups and the State. London and Sydney: Croom
Helm.
Braudel, Fernand. 1990. The Identity of France. Vol. 2, People and Production.
Translated by Siân Reynolds. London: Collins.
Breton, Raymond. 1964. "Institutional Completeness of Ethnic Communities and the
Personal Relations of Immigrants." American Journal of Sociology 70 (2):
193-205.
________. 1978. "The Structure of Relationships between Ethnic
Collectivities" in Leo Driedger, ed., The Canadian Ethnic Mosaic. Toronto:
McClelland and Stewart, 55-73.
________. 1986. "Multiculturalism and Canadian Nation-building" in Alan
Cairns and Cynthia Williams, research coordinators, The Politics of Gender, Ethnicity,
and Language in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto, pp. 27-66.
________. 1989. "Canadian Ethnicity in the Year 2000" in James S. Frideres,
ed., Multiculturalism and Intergroup Relations. New York: Greenwood Press, pp.
149-52.
________. 1990. "The Ethnic Group as a Political Resource in Relation to Problems
of Incorporation: Perceptions and Attitudes" in Breton et al., pp. 196-205.
Breton, Raymond, Wsevolod W. Isajiw, Warren E. Kalbach, and Jeffrey G. Reitz. 1990. Ethnic
Identity and Equality. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Browning, Rufus P., Dale Rogers Marshall, and David H. Tabb. 1984. Protest is not
Enough. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Burnet, Jean R. with Howard Palmer. 1988. 'Coming Canadians': An Introduction to a
History of Canada's Peoples. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.
Brubaker, William Rogers. 1992. Citizenship and Nationhood in France and Germany.
Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
________, ed. 1989. Immigration and Politics of Citizenship in Europe and North
America. Lanham, MD: University of America Press.
Buchignani, Norman, and Doreen M. Indra with Ram Srivastiva. 1985. Continuous
Journey: A Social History of South Asians in Canada. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart.
Buechler, Hans Christian, and Buechler, Judith-Maria, eds. 1987. Migrants in Europe:
The Role of Family, Labor, and Politics. New York: Greenwood.
Button, James. 1978. Black Violence: Political Impact of the 1960s Riots.
Princeton: Princeton University Press.
CAIF. [Conseil d'Associations Immigrés en France.] 1986. Etude sur la vie
associative immigrée, 'Quel bilan, quel avenir?' Report on the Second Forum of
Associations, held 25 and 26 January 1986, Paris.
Cairns, Alan, and Cynthia Williams, research coordinators. 1986a. Constitutionalism,
Citizenship and Society in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
_________. 1986b. The Politics of Gender, Ethnicity and Language in Canada.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Campani, Giovanna, Maurizio Catani, and Salvatore Palidda. 1987. "Italian
Immigrant Associations in France" in John Rex, Daniele Joly, and Czarina Wilpert,
eds., Immigrant Associations in Europe. Aldershot, England: Gower, pp. 166-200.
Campfens, Hubert. 1979. The integration of ethno-cultural minorities, a pluralist
approach: the Netherlands and Canada. The Hague: Ministry of Cultural Affairs,
Recreation, and Social Welfare.
Canada. Citizens' Forum on Canada's Future. 1991 (June). Report to the People and
Government of Canada. Keith Spicer, Chairman. Ottawa: Supply and Services.
Canada. Employment and Immigration Commission. 1993a. Immigration Consultations
1993, Strategies for Immigrant Integration. Ottawa: CEIC Public Affairs.
Canada. Employment and Immigration Commission. 1993b. "The Integration of
Immigrants in Canada: Lessons for the OECD." Paper presented at the Conference on
Migration and International Cooperation: Challenges for OECD Countries, Madrid, 29-31
March.
Canada. Employment and Immigration Commission. Employment Equity Branch. 1990. Discussion
Paper on the Employment Equity Act. Ottawa: Supply and Services.
Canada. Multiculturalism and Citizenship Canada. 1991. Multiculturalism: What is it really
about? Ottawa: Supply and Services.
Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Special Committee on the Participation of Visible
Minorities in Canadian Society. 1984. Equality Now: Report of the Special Committee on
the Participation of Visible Minorities in Canadian Society. Bob Daudlin, Chairman.
Ottawa: Supply and Services.
Canada. Parliament. House of Commons. Standing Committee on Multiculturalism. 1987. Multiculturalism:
Building the Canadian Mosaic. Report of the Standing Committee on Multiculturalism.
Ottawa: Supply and Services.
Canada. Secretary of State. 1988. Canadian Citizenship Statistics. Ottawa:
Supply and Services.
Canada. Statistics Canada. 1984. 1981 Census, Catalogue 92-911. Ottawa: Supply
and Services.
Canada. Statistics Canada. 1994. Canada's Changing Immigrant Population. Ottawa:
Supply and Services.
Canadian Urban Institute. 1991. Metro in Transition: An Overview of Demographic,
Economic, and Public Policy Trends and their Implications for the Social Development
Strategy of Metropolitan Toronto. Toronto: Canadian Urban Institute.
Carens, Joseph H. 1993. "Immigration, Political Community and the Transformation
of Identity: Québec's Immigration Policies in Critical Perspective." Unpublished
paper, University of Toronto.
Carroll, William K. 1992. Organizing Dissent: Contemporary Social Movements in
Theory and Practice. Toronto: Garamond Press.
Carter, G.E., Cardinal. 1979. Report to the Civic Authorities of Metropolitan
Toronto and its Citizens. Toronto: Office of the Cardinal.
Castles, Stephen and Godula Kosack. 1973. Immigrant Workers and Class Structure in
Western Europe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Castles, Stephen and Mark J. Miller. 1993. The Age of Migration. New York: The
Guilford Press.
Catani, Maurizio. 1987. "L'associationnisme Turc et Kurde" in Maurizio Catani
and Salvatore Palidda, eds., Le rôle du mouvement associatif dans l'évolution des
communautés immigrés. Etude pour le compte du FAS et la DPM. Paris, pp. 232-52.
Catani, Maurizio and Salvatore Palidda, eds. 1987. Le rôle du mouvement associatif
dans l'évolution des communautés immigrés. Etude pour le compte du FAS et la DPM.
Paris.
Chaliand, Gérard. 1989. Minority Peoples in the Age of Nation-States. London:
Pluto Press.
Chan, Kwok B. and Denise Helly. 1987. "Coping with Racism: A Century of Chinese
Experience in Canada." Canadian Ethnic Studies XIX (3): 1-14.
Chong, Dennis. 1991. Collective Action and the Civil Rights Movement. Chicago:
University of Chicago Press.
CIEMI. [Centre d'information et d'études sur les migrations internationales.] 1991. Repertoire
des Associations Immigrées dans la Communauté Européenne. Paris: CIEMI.
Connor, Walker. 1972. "Nation-building or Nation-destroying?" World
Politics 24: 319-55.
Cordeiro, Albano. 1988. "Pour une nouvelle citoyenneté." In Vous Avez dit
Citoyen?: Actes du 3ème Forum des Associations, Paris, 11-12 April 1987. Paris: CAIF,
59-68.
Coser, Lewis A. 1956. The Functions of Social Conflict. New York: The Free
Press.
Costa-Lascoux, Jacqueline. 1987. 'L'acquisition de la nationalité française, une
condition d'intégration?' in Smain Laacher, ed., Questions de nationalité -- histoire
et enjeux d'un code. Paris: CIEMI, l'Harmattan, pp. 80-126.
________. 1989. De l'immigré au citoyen. Paris: Documentation Française.
Creighton, Donald. 1970. Canada's First Century, 1867-1967. Toronto: MacMillan
Canada.
Crepeau, François. 1987. "La politique canadienne d'immigration: selection et
contrôle." Actes 61: 13-8.
Cross, Gary S. 1983. Immigrant Workers in Industrial France. Philadelphia:
Temple University Press.
Cross Cultural Communication Centre. 1991. Toronto Immigrant Services Directory.
4th ed. Toronto.
Curtis, James E., Edward G. Grabb, and Douglas E. Baer. 1992. "Voluntary
Association Membership in Fifteen Countries: A Comparative Analysis." American
Sociological Review 57(2): 139-52.
Dalton, Russell J. 1988. Citizen Politics in Western Democracies. Chatham, NJ:
Chatham House Publishers.
Das Gupta, Tania. 1986. Learning from our History - Community Development by
Immigrant Women in Ontario, 1958-86. Toronto: Cross Cultural Communications Centre.
Dazi-Heni, Fatiha, and Catherine Polac. 1990. "Chroniques de 'la vrai base' - la
constitution et les transformations du réseau associatif immigré à Nanterre." Politix
12: 54-69.
Decouflé, André-Clément. 1992. "La politique de la nationalité en France de
1945 à 1991." Revue Française des Affaires Sociales 46 (December): 61-9.
Deeb, Mary-Jane. 1992. "Militant Islam and Political Redemption." Annals
of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 524: 52-65.
De Rham, Gérard. 1990. "Naturalisation: The Politics of Citizenship
Acquisition" in Layton-Henry, Zig, ed., The Political Rights of Migrant Workers in
Western Europe. London: Sage, pp. 158-95.
Désir, Harlem. 1985. Touche pas à mon pote. Paris: Grasset.
Dianteill, E. 1992. "L'état espagnol et les associations d'immigrés en France:
une relation structurante." Migrations Société 19(4): 35-43.
Diop, A. Moustapha. 1987. "Le mouvement associatif africain" in Maurizio
Catani and Salvatore Palidda, eds., Le rôle du mouvement associatif dans l'évolution
des communautés immigrés. Etude pour le compte du FAS et la DPM. Paris, pp. 200-19.
Diop, A. Moustapha and Riva Kastoryano. 1991. "Le mouvement associatif islamique
en Ile-de-France." Revue Européenne des Migrations Internationales 7 (3):
91-117.
Doyle, Robert, and Livy Visano. 1987. Access to Health and Social Services for
Members of Diverse Cultural and Racial Groups. Toronto: Social Planning Council.
Drieger, Leo, ed. 1978. The Canadian Ethnic Mosaic. Toronto: McClelland and
Stuart.
________. 1987. Ethnic Canada: Identities and Inequalities. Toronto: Copp Clark
Pitman Ltd.
Ehrmann, Henry W. and Martin A. Schain. 1992. Politics in France. 5th ed.
Boston: Little, Brown.
Eisinger, Peter K. 1973. "The Conditions of Protest Behavior in American
Cities." American Political Science Review LXVII (1): 11-28.
Elkarati, Noureddine. 1988. "Les grandes étapes de l'histoire du Fonds d'action
sociale." Unpublished paper.
Elliott, Jean Leonard, ed. 1979. Two Nations, Many Cultures: Ethnic Groups in Canada.
Scarborough, Ontario: Prentice-Hall.
Elliott, Jean Leonard and Augie Fleras. 1990. "Immigration and the Canadian Ethnic
Mosaic" in Peter S. Li, ed., Race and Ethnic Relations in Canada. Toronto:
Oxford University Press, pp. 51-76.
Enloe, Cynthia. 1973. Ethnic Conflict and Political Development. Boston: Little
Brown.
Espaces 89. 1985. L'identité française. Paris: Tierce.
Estable, Alma and Mechthild Meyer. 1989. "A Discussion Paper on Settlement Needs
of Immigrant Women in Ontario." Funded by the Immigrant Settlement and Adaptation
Programme of Employment and Immigration Canada.
Eyerman, Ron and Andrew Jamison. 1991. Social Movements: A Cognitive Approach.
University Park: Pennsylvania State University Press.
Feldblum, Miriam. 1990. "Who's Wearing the Veil? 'Franco-Maghrebins' and Ethnic
Politics in France." Paper presented at the American Political Science Association
Meeting, San Francisco, September.
________. 1993a. "New Citizenship Strategies in Postwar Europe: Nationalist and
Post-National." Paper presented at the APSA meetings, Washington, D.C., September.
________. 1993b. "Paradoxes of ethnic politics: the case of Franco-Maghrebis in
France." Ethnic and Racial Studies 16 (1): 52-75.
Fitzgerald, Marian. 1993. "'Integration': The UK Experience." Paper presented
at conference on "Migration and International Cooperation: Challenges for OECD
Countries," organized by the OECD, Canada, and Spain, Madrid, March.
Fleras, Augie and Jean Leonard Elliott. 1992. Multiculturalism in Canada: The
Challenge of Diversity. Scarborough: Nelson Canada.
Fonda. 1983. "Les Associations d'Immigrés: Effets de la loi du 9 octobre 1981 et
propositions." Lettre d'information (19).
________. 1991. "Associations et immigration: dix ans de liberté associative pour
les étrangers en France." La tribune Fonda. no. 82/83 (November).
Fonds d'action sociale. 1992 (June). "Dossier d'information sur le FAS."
________. 1993 (January/February). Programme 1993. Supplement to the
"Lettre du FAS," No. 35.
Fontaine, Louise. 1993. Un labyrinthe carré comme un cercle: Enquête sur le
ministère des Communautés culturelles et de l'Immigration et sur ses acteurs réels et
imaginés. Montreal and Paris: L'Etincelle Editeur.
Forsythe, Dennis, ed. 1971. Let the Niggers Burn! Montreal: Black Rose Books.
France. Ministère de l'Economie. 1993. Annuaire Statistique de la France. Vol.
97. Paris: INSEE.
Freeman, Gary P. 1979. Immigrant Labor and Racial Conflict in Industrial Societies:
The French and British Experience 1945-1975. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Frideres, James. 1989. Multicultural and Intergroup Relations. New York:
Greenwood.
Frybès, Marcin. "France: un équilibre pragmatique fragile" in Didier
Lapeyronnie, ed., "Immigrés en Europe," Notes et études documentaires
4952: 83-110.
Gamson, William A. 1975. The Strategy of Social Protest. Homewood, IL: Dorsey.
________. 1988. "Political Discourse and Collective Action" in Bert
Klandermans, Hanspeter Kriesi, and Sidney Tarrow, eds., From Structure to Action:
Comparing Social Movement Research Across Cultures. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp.
219-44.
________. 1990. The Strategy of Social Protest. 2d ed. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth
Publishing Company.
Gamson, William A. and David S. Meyer. 1992. "Framing Political Opportunity."
Unpublished paper.
Gamson, William A. and André Modigliani. 1989. "Media Discourse and Public
Opinion: A Constructionist Approach." American Journal of Sociology 95: 1-37.
Gaspard, Françoise. 1983. L'information et l'expression culturelle des communautés
immigrées en France. Secrétariat d'Etat auprès du Ministère de la Solidarité
Nationale, chargé des Immigrés.
Giordan, Henri. 1982. Démocratie culturelle et droit à la différence. Paris:
Documentation Française.
Girard, A. and J. Stoetzel. 1953. Français et Immigrés. Paris: Presses
Universitaires de France.
Glazer, Nathan. 1993. "Is Assimilation Dead?" Annals 530 (November):
122-136.
Goffman, Erving. 1974. Frame Analysis. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Gordon, Milton M. 1964. Assimilation in American Life. New York: Oxford
University Press.
Goyder, John. 1990. Essentials of Canadian Society. Toronto: McClelland and
Stewart.
Granatstein, J.L. 1993. "The 'Hard' Obligations of Citizenship: The Second World
War in Canada" in William Kaplan, ed., Belonging: Essays on the Meaning and Future
of Canadian Citizenship. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press, pp. 36-49.
Granatstein, J.L., Irving M. Abella, et al. 1990. Nation: Canada since Confederation.
3rd ed. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson.
Griotteray, Alain. 1984. Immigrés: le choc. Paris: Plon.
Grudzielski, Stany. 1990a. "Associations d'immigrées, opinion et pouvoirs en
Europe: La question immigrée en 1990." Centre Européen 'Travail et Société,'
Réseau MAINE, Rapport de Synthèse 1990.
________. 1990b. "Voluntary Organizations in Migration in Europe." Paper
delivered at the International Expert Meeting on "The Role of Voluntary Organisations
in Crisis Management: Aids, Drug Abuse and Mass Migration as Cases in Point," Berlin,
November.
Guellouz, Azzedine. 1992. "Le Corif." Projet 231: 81-3.
Gurr, Ted Robert. 1970. Why Men Rebel. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
________. 1980. "On the Outcomes of Violent Protest," in Ted Robert Gurr,
ed., Handbook of Political Conflict: Theory and Research. New York: The Free Press,
pp. 238-294.
________. 1993a. Minorities at Risk. Washington, D.C.: United States Insti tute
of Peace Press.
________. 1993b. "Why Minorities Rebel: A Global Analysis of Communal Mobilization
and Conflict since 1945." International Political Science Review 14 (2):
161-201.
Halli, Shiva S., Frank Trovato, and Leo Driedger, eds. 1990. Ethnic Demography:
Canadian Immigrant, Racial and Cultural Variations. Ottawa: Carleton University Press.
Hammar, Thomas. 1990. Democracy and the nation-state: aliens, denizens and citizens
in a world of international migration. Aldershot: Avebury.
Hargreaves, Alex. 1988. "The French Nationality Code Hearings." Modern and
Contemporary France 34 (July): 1-10.
________. 1991. "The political mobilisation of the North African immigrant
community in France," Ethnic and Racial Studies 14 (3): 350-367.
Harney, Robert F. 1988. "'So Great a Heritage as Ours' Immigration and the
Survival of the Canadian Polity." Daedalus 117 (4): 51-98.
Hastings, Donald W., Donald A. Clelland, and Robin L. Danielson. 1982.
"Gordon's Assimilation Paradigm Revisited: The Issue of Ethnic Communality,
Insularity, and Return Migration" in Cora Bagley Marrett and Cheryl Leggon, eds., Research
in Race and Ethnic Relations. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 189-206.
Haut Conseil à l'Intégration. 1993. L'intégration à la française. Paris:
Editions 10/18, Documentation Française.
Hawkins, Freda. 1972. Canada and Immigration: Public Policy and Public Concern.
Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
________. 1982. "Multiculturalism in Two Countries: The Canadian and Australian
Experience." Journal of Canadian Studies 17(1): 64-80.
________. 1988. Canada and Immigration: Public Policy and Public Concern. 2d ed.
Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
________. 1989. Critical Years in Immigration: Canada and Australia Compared.
Kingston and Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
Head, Wilson, 1981. Adaptation of Immigrants: Perceptions of Ethnic and Racial
Discrimination. North York, ON: York University.
Hechter, Michael. 1987. Principles of Group Solidarity. Berkeley: University of
California Press.
Hechter, Michael, Debra Friedman, and Malka Appelbaum. 1982. "A Theory of Ethnic
Collective Action." International Migration Review 16 (2): 412-34.
Heisler, Martin O. 1990. "Ethnicity and Ethnic Relations in the Modern West"
in Joseph V. Montville, ed., Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies.
Lexington, MA: Lexington Books, pp. 21-52.
Heisler, Martin O. and Barbara Schmitter Heisler. 1990. "Citizenship--Old, New,
and Changing." Paper prepared for the Workshop on Dominant National Cultures and
Ethnic Identities, Free University of Berlin.
Henry, Frances. 1978. The Dynamics of Race in Toronto. Toronto: York University.
________. 1986. "Race Relations Research in Canada Today: A 'State of the Art'
Review." Canadian Human Rights Commission Colloquium on Racial Discrimination, 25
December.
________. 1987. "Caribbean Migration to Canada: Prejudice and Opportunity" in
Barry B. Levine, ed., The Caribbean Exodus. New York: Praeger.
________. 1994. The Caribbean Diaspora in Toronto: Learning to Live with Racism.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Henry, Frances and Ellen Ginzberg. 1985. Who Gets the Work: A Test of Racial
Discrimination in Toronto. Toronto: Urban Alliance on Race Relations and Social
Planning Council of Metro Toronto.
Henry, Frances, Carol Tator, Winston Mattis, and Tim Rees. 1995. The Colour of
Democracy: Racism in Canadian Society. Toronto: Harcourt Brace and Company.
Hernandez, Carmencita R. 1988. "The Coalition of Visible Minority Women" in
Frank Cunningham et al., eds., Social Movements Social Change: The Politics and
Practice of Organizing. Toronto: Between the Lines, pp. 157-68.
Hersak, Gene and Derrick Thomas. 1988. "Recent Canadian Developments Arising from
International Migration." Ottawa: Canada Employment and Immigration Commission.
Hily, Marie-Antoinette and Michel Poinard. 1987. "Portuguese Associations in
France" in John Rex, Daniele Joly, and Czarina Wilpert, eds., Immigrant
Associations in Europe. Aldershot, England: Gower, pp. 126-65.
Hollifield, James F. 1992. Immigrants, Markets, and States. Cambridge, MA:
Harvard University Press.
Horowitz, Donald. 1992. "Immigration and Group Relations in France and
America," in Donald Horowitz and Gerard Noiriel, eds., Immigrants in Two
Democracies: French and American Experience. New York: New York University Press, pp.
3-35.
Hungtington, Samuel P. 1965. "Political Development and Political Decay." World
Politics 17: 386-430.
Ireland, Patrick. 1990. "The Political Participation and Impact of Immigrants in
France and Switzerland." Ph.D. dissertation, Harvard University.
Isajiw, Wsevolod W. 1985. "Definitions of Ethnicity" in Rita M. Bienvenue and
Jay E. Goldstein, eds., Ethnicity and Ethnic Relations in Canada. Toronto:
Butterworths, pp. 5-17. (reprinted from Ethnicity 1974, 1:1)
James, D.R. 1988. "The Transformation of the Southern Racial State: Class and Race
Determinants of Local-State Structures." American Sociological Review 53:
191-208.
Jansen, Clifford J. 1978. "Community Organization of Italians in Toronto" in
Leo Driedger, ed., The Canadian Ethnic Mosaic. Toronto: McClelland & Stuart,
pp. 310-26.
Jansen, Clifford J. and Anthony F. Richmond. 1990. "Immigrant Settlement and
Integration in Canada." Paper presented at the Symposium for Immigrant Settlement and
Integration, Toronto, Ontario, 28-29 May.
Jazouli, Adil. 1986. L'action collective des jeunes Maghrébins de France.
Paris: CIEMI, L'Harmattan.
Jazouli, Adil. 1992. Les années banlieues. Paris: Éditions du Seuil.
Jenkins, J. Craig, and Charles Perrow. 1977. "Insurgency and the Powerless: Farm
Workers Movements." American Sociological Review 42: 249-68.
Jenkins, J. Craig, and Bert Klandermans, eds. 1995. The Politics of Social Protest:
Comparative Perspectives on States and Social Movements. Minneapolis: University of
Minnesota Press.
Johnston, Hugh. 1979. The Voyage of the Komagata Maru. Delhi: Oxford University
Press.
Jupp, James, Barry York, and Andrea McRobbie. 1989. The Political Participation of
Ethnic Minorities in Australia. Canberra: Australian Government Publishing Service.
Juteau, Danielle. 1990. "The Canadian Experiment: Multiculturalism as Ideology and
Policy." Paper presented at the Conference on Cultural Diversity in Europe, Organized
by the Haus der Kultur der Welt, Berlin, November.
________. 1993. "The Production of the Québécois Nation." Humboldt
Journal of Social Relations 19 (2): 1-31.
Kalbach, Warren E. 1987. "Growth and Distribution of Canada's Ethnic Populations,
1871-1981" in Leo Driedger, ed., Ethnic Canada: Identities and Inequalities.
Toronto: Copp Clark Pitman Ltd., pp. 82-110.
Kallen, Evelyn. 1982a. "Multiculturalism: Ideology, Policy and Reality." Journal
of Canadian Studies 17 (1): 51-63.
Kallen, Evelyn. 1982b. Ethnicity and Human Rights in Canada. Toronto: Gage.
Kaplan, William, ed. Belonging: Essays on the Meaning and Future of Canadian
Citizenship. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press.
Kepel, Gilles. 1987. Les banlieues de l'islam, naissance d'une religion en France.
Paris: Le Seuil.
________. 1991. La Revanche de Dieu: Chrétiens, juifs et musulmans à la
reconquête du monde. Paris: Le Seuil.
Kettane, Nacer. 1986. Droit de réponse à la démocratie française. Paris:
Editions La Découverte.
Keyes, Charles F. 1981. Ethnic Change. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
Khellil, Mohand. 1988. "Le Fonds d'action sociale: Histoires d'une
institution." Bulletin de la Société Languedocienne de Georgraphie 22:
403-31.
Khoa, Le Huu. 1987. "Le mouvement associatif de l'immigration de Sud-Est
Asiatique" in Maurizio Catani and Salvatore Palidda, eds., Le rôle du mouvement
associatif dans l'évolution des communautés immigrés. Etude pour le compte du FAS
et la DPM. Paris, pp. 220-31.
Kitschelt, Herbert P. 1986. "Political Opportunity Structures and Political
Protest: Anti-Nuclear Movements in Four Democracies." British Journal of Political
Science 16: 57-85.
Klandermans, Bert, Hanspeter Kriesi, and Sidney Tarrow, eds. 1988. From Structure to
Action: Comparing Social Movement Research Across Cultures. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press.
Klandermans, Bert and Sidney Tarrow. 1988. "Mobilization into Social Movements:
Synthesizing European and American Approaches," in Bert Klandermans, Hanspeter
Kriesi, and Sidney Tarrow, eds., From Structure to Action: Comparing Social Movement
Research Across Cultures. International Social Movement Research, Vol. 1. Greenwich,
CT: JAI Press, pp. 1-38.
Knelman, Martin. 1993 (June). "Show Boat must go on." Toronto Life:
31-6.
Knowles, Valerie. 1992. Strangers at our Gates. Toronto: Dundurn Press.
Krejci, Jaroslav, and Vitezslav Velimsky. 1980. Ethnic and Political Nations in
Europe. London: Croom Helm.
Kriesi, Hanspeter. 1992. "Organizational Development of new social movements and
their political context." Paper presented at the Conference on Social Movements, The
Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C., August.
Kriesi, Hanspeter, Ruud Koopmans, Jan Willem Duyvendak, and Marco G. Giugni. 1992.
"New social movements and political opportunities in Western Europe." European
Journal of Political Research 22: 219-44.
Kurthen, Harmann. 1991. "Equality for visible minorities in a multicultural
society: The Canadian Employment Equity legislations as an Example," in Jurgen
Fijalkowski, Hans Merkens, and Folker Schmidt, eds., Dominant National Cultures and
Ethnic Identities. Berlin: Free University of Berlin, pp. 175-210.
Laacher, Smain, ed. 1987. Questions de nationalité -- histoire et enjeux d'un code.
Paris: CIEMI, l'Harmattan.
Lapeyronnie, Didier. 1987. "Assimilation, mobilisation et action collective chez
les jeunes de la seconde génération de l'immigration maghrébine." Revue
francais sociologique 28: 287-318.
Layton-Henry, Zig. 1990a. "Immigrant Associations" in Zig Layton-Henry, ed., The
Political Rights of Migrant Workers in Western Europe. London: Sage, pp. 94-112.
Layton-Henry, Zig, ed. 1990b. The Political Rights of Migrant Workers in Western
Europe. London: Sage.
Leah, Ronnie. 1992. Taking a Stand: Strategy and tactics of organizing the popular
movement in Canada. Ottawa: Canadian Centre for Policy Alternatives.
Le Bras, Hervé and Emmanuel Todd. 1981. L'invention de la France. Paris:
Pluriel.
Leca, Jean. 1991. "La citoyenneté entre la nation et la société civile" in
Dominique Colas, Claude Emeri, and Jacques Zylberberg, eds., Citoyenneté et
nationalité, Perspectives en France et au Québec. Paris: PUF, pp. 479-505.
________. 1992. "Questions on Citizenship" in Chantal Mouffe, ed., Dimensions
of Radical Democracy. London: Verso, pp. 17-32.
Le Club de l'Horloge. 1985. L'identité de la France. Paris: Albin Michel.
Lee, Christina and Liz Chaddock. 1988. Report on the 1987 Community workshops with
Visible Minority and Immigrant Women. Toronto: Ontario Women's Directorate and the
Ministry of Citizenship.
Le Gallou, J.Y. and Jalkh, J-F. 1987. Etre Français, cela se mérite. Paris:
Albatros.
Lequin, Yves, ed. 1988. La Mosaique France. Paris: Larousse.
Leveau, Rémy. 1992. "Les associations musulmanes." Projet 231: 78-80.
Leveau, Rémy, and Catherine Wihtol de Wenden. 1985. "Évolution des attitudes
politiques des immigrés maghrébins." Vingtième Siècle 7: 71-83.
________, eds. 1990. Modes d'insertion des populations de culture islamique dans le
système politique française. Paris: CERI.
Lewis, Clare. 1991. "Police Complaints in Metropolitan Toronto: Perspectives of
the Public Complaints Commissioner" in Andrew J. Goldsmith, ed., Complaints
against the Police: The Trend to External Review. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Lewis, Stephen. 1992. "Report on Race Relations in Ontario." Submitted to
Premier Bob Rae.
Leys, Colin and Marguerite Mendell, eds. 1992. Culture and Social Change.
Montreal, New York: Black Rose Books.
Li, Peter. 1988. Ethnic Inequality in a Class Society. Toronto: Wall and
Thompson.
Li, Peter, ed. 1990. Race and Ethnic Relations in Canada. Toronto, New York:
Oxford University Press.
Lijphart, Arend. 1971. "Comparative Politics and the Comparative Method." American
Political Science Review 65 (3): 682-93.
________. 1975. "The Comparable-Cases Strategy in Comparative Research." Comparative
Political Studies 8 (2): 158-77.
Lipset, Seymour Martin. 1990. Continental Divide. New York: Routledge.
Lipsky, Michael. 1968. "Protest as a Political Resource." American
Political Science Review 62: 1144-58.
________. 1970. Protest in City Politics. Chicago: Rand McNally and Company.
Lochak, Danièle. 1985. Etranger, de quel droit? Paris: PUF.
________. 1988. "Etrangers et citoyens au regard du droit" in Catherine
Wihtol de Wenden, ed., La Citoyenneté. Paris: Edilig, Fondation Diderot, pp.
75-85.
________. 1989. "Les minorités et le droit public français. Du refus des
différences à la gestion des différences," in Alain Fenet and Gérard Soulier,
eds., Les Minorités et leurs Droits depuis 1798. Paris: L'Harmattan.
________. 1990. "Les chemins de la citoyenneté." Hommes & Libertés,
no. 58: 27-33.
Long, Marceau. 1988. Être Français aujourd'hui et demain. Rapport remis au
Premier ministre par Marceau Long, Président de la Commission de la Nationalité. 2
volumes. Paris: Union générale d'éditions.
Louis, P. and L. Prinaz. 1990. Skinheads, taggers, zulus, and co. Paris: La
table ronde.
Lowi, Theodore J. 1971. The Politics of Disorder. New York: Basic Books.
Maier, Charles S., ed. 1987. Changing Boundaries of the Political. Cambridge and
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Malarek, Victor. 1987. Haven's Gate: Canada's Immigration Fiasco. Toronto:
Macmillan of Canada.
Malaurie, Guillaume. 1989. "La stratégie des intégristes." L'Express.
3 November: 9-12.
Malik, Serge. 1990. Histoire Secrète de SOS Racisme. Paris: Albin Michel.
Maloney, A. 1975. "The Metropolitan Toronto Review of Citizen-Police Complaint
Procedure." Toronto: Unpublished.
Markotic, Vladimir. 1983. Ethnic Directory of Canada. 2d ed. Calgary: Western.
Marshall, T.H. 1964. "Citizenship and Social Class" in Class, Citizenship,
and Social Development. Garden City, NY: Doubleday and Company.
Mauco, Georges. 1932. Les Étrangers en France. Leur rôle dans l'activité
économique. Paris: Armand Colin.
McAdam, Doug. 1982. Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency,
1930-1970. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
McAdam, Doug, John McCarthy, and Mayer Zald, eds. (in preparation) Opportunities,
Mobilizing Structures, and Framing: Comparative Applications of Contemporary Movement
Theory.
McAdam, Doug and Kelly Moore. 1989. "The Politics of Black Insurgency,
1930-1975" in Ted Robert Gurr, ed., Violence in America, Volume 2. Newbury
Park: Sage, pp. 255-85.
McCarthy, John D. and Mayer N. Zald. 1977. "Resource Mobilization and Social
Movements: A Partial Theory." American Journal of Sociology 82: 1212-41.
McNeill, William H. 1986. Polyethnicity and National Unity in World History.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Medeiros, John. 1991. Family Services for All: Study of Family Services for
Ethnocultural and Racial Communities in Metropolitan Toronto. Toronto: Multicultural
Coalition for Access to Family Services.
Metropolitan Toronto. Multiculturalism and Race Relations Division, Chief
Administrative Officer's Department. 1990a. The Composition and Implications of
Metropolitan Toronto's Ethnic, Racial, and Linguistic Populations. Final Report.
Prepared by Tana Turner.
Metropolitan Toronto. Multiculturalism and Race Relations Division, Chief
Administrative Officer's Department. 1990b. A Review of Ethno-Racial Access to
Metropolitan Services.
Metropolitan Toronto. Task Force on Human Relations. 1977. Now is not too Late.
[The Pitman Report.] Toronto: City of Metropolitan Toronto.
Meyer, David S. 1990. A Winter of Discontent: The Nuclear Freeze and American
Politics. New York: Praeger.
Mikesell, Marvin W. and Alexander B. Murphy. 1991. "A Framework for Comparative
Study of Minority-Group Aspirations." Annals of the Association of American
Geographers 81(4): 581-604.
Miller, David. 1989. Market, State, and Community. Oxford: Clarendon.
Miller, Mark J. 1981. Foreign Workers in Western Europe: An Emerging Political Force.
New York: Praeger.
________. 1989. "Political Participation and Representation of Noncitizens,"
in William Rogers Brubaker, ed., Immigration and the Politics of Citizenship in Europe
and North America. Lanham, MD: University of America Press, pp. 129-44.
Montville, Joseph V., ed. 1990. Conflict and Peacemaking in Multiethnic Societies.
Lexington, MA: Lexington Books.
Morand, J. 1976. Royal Commission Inquiry into Metropolitan Toronto Police Practices.
Toronto: Queen's Printer of Ontario.
Morris, Aldon D. and Carol McClurg Mueller, eds. 1992. Frontiers in Social Movement
Theory. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Mueller, Carol McClurg. 1992. "Building Social Movement Theory" in Aldon D.
Morris and Carol McClurg Mueller, eds., Frontiers in Social Movement Theory. New
Haven: Yale University Press, pp. 3-25.
Multicultural Advisory Group to the Social Assistance Review Committee (Ontario). 1987
(August). "Report on Multiculturalism and Social Assistance." Toronto:
Unpublished.
Muxel, Anne. 1988. "Les attitudes socio-politique des jeunes issus de
l'immigration maghrébine en région parisienne." Revue française de sciences
politiques 38 (6): 925-40.
Naïr, Sami. 1992. Le regard des vainqueurs. Les enjeux français de l'immigration.
Paris: Grasset.
Negrouche, Nasser. 1992a. "L'échec des associations franco-maghrébines issues de
l'immigration (1980-1990)." Esprit 178: 41-52.
________. 1992b. "La guerre des Beurs." L'Evénement du Jeudi, 19-25
March: 64-6.
Neveu, Catherine. 1990. "Le financement étatique des associations en France et en
Grande-Bretagne" in Rémy Leveau and Catherine Wihtol de Wenden, eds., Modes
d'insertion des populations de culture islamique dans le système politique française.
Paris: CERI.
Nevitte, Neil, and Allan Kornberg, eds. 1985. Minorities and the Canadian State.
Oakville: Mosaic Press.
Ng, Roxana. 1988. The Politics of Community Services: Immigrant Women, Class, and
State. Toronto: Garamond.
Ng, Roxana, Gillian Walker, and Jacob Muller, eds. 1990. Community Organization and
the Canadian State. Toronto: Garamond Press.
Noiriel, Gerard. 1988. Le Creuset Français. Paris: Éditions de Seuil.
________. 1992. "Difficulties in French Historical Research on Immigration"
in Donald Horowitz and Gerard Noiriel, eds., Immigrants in Two Democracies: French and
American Experience. New York: New York University Press, pp. 66-79.
Nourbese Philip, M. 1993. Showing Grit: Showboating North of the 44th Parallel.
Toronto: Poui Publications.
Oberschall, Anthony. 1973. Social Conflict and Social Movements. Englewood
Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
OCASI. [Ontario Council of Agencies Serving Immigrants.] 1991. Immigrant Services
Database Research Bulletin (Funding of Immigrant Services). Volume II (1). Toronto:
Ontario Council of Agencies Serving Immigrants.
________. 1993 (February). "Immigrant Service Agencies: A Fundamental Component of
Anti-Racist Social Services." Toronto: Ontario Council of Agencies Serving
Immigrants.
________. 1994a (May). Immigrant Services Database Research Bulletin. Toronto:
Ontario Council of Agencies Serving Immigrants.
________. 1994b (May). OCASI Research Bulletin.
OECD. [Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development.] 1991. SOPEMI 1990
Continuous Reporting System on Migration. Paris.
Ogden, Philip E. and Paul E. White, eds. 1989. Migrants in Modern France.
London: Unwin Hyman.
Oliver, Pamela E. 1989. "Bring the crowd back in: the nonorganizational elements
of social movements" in Louis Kriesberg, ed., Research in Social Movements,
Conflict and Change, A Research Annual. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, Vol. 11, pp. 1-30.
Olson, Mancur, Jr. 1965. The Logic of Collective Action. Cambridge: Harvard
University Press.
Olzak, Susan. 1983. "Contemporary Ethnic Mobilization." Annual Review of
Sociology 9: 355-74.
________. 1992. The Dynamics of Ethnic Competition and Conflict. Stanford:
Stanford University Press.
Olzak, Susan and Joane Nagel. 1986. Competitive Ethnic Relations. Orlando:
Academic Press Inc.
Ontario. Ministry of Citizenship, Office of the Employment Equity Commissioner. 1992a. Working
towards Equality: The Discussion Paper on Employment Equity Legislation. Toronto:
Queen's Printer for Ontario.
________. 1992b. Opening Doors: A report on the Employment Equity Consultations.
Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario.
Ontario. Race Relations Directorate. 1987 (November). Access to Government Services
by Racial Minorities. Toronto: Queen's Printer for Ontario.
Ontario. Race Relations and Policing Task Force. 1989. The Report of the Race
Relations and Policing Task Force. By Clare Lewis, Chair. Toronto: Government of
Ontario.
________. 1992. The Report of the Race Relations and Policing Task Force. By
Clare Lewis, Chair. Toronto: Government of Ontario.
Opoku-Dapaah, Edward. 1993a. "Report on the Workshop for African Community Groups
in Toronto." Toronto: York Lanes Press.
________, ed. 1993b. Directory of African Community Groups in Metropolitan Toronto.
Toronto: York Lanes Press.
Oriol, Paul. 1992. Les immigrés devant les urnes. Paris: CIEMI, l'Harmattan.
Pal, Leslie A. 1993. Interests of State. Montreal and Kingston: McGill-Queen's
University Press.
Palidda, Salvatore. 1987. "Le mouvement associatif Maghrébin," in Maurizio
Catani and Salvatore Palidda, eds. Le rôle du mouvement associatif dans l'évolution
des communautés immigrés. Etude pour le compte du FAS et la DPM. Paris, pp. 162-77.
Palmer, Howard, ed. 1975. Immigration and the Rise of Multiculturalism. Toronto:
Copp Clark.
Perotti, Antonio. 1986-87. "La mobilisation des étudiants en France et le code de
nationalité." Presse et Immigrés en France: 148-9.
Peter, Karl. 1981. "The Myth of Multiculturalism and Other Political Fables"
in J. Dahlie and T. Fernando, eds., Ethnicity, Power, and Politics in Canada.
Toronto: Methuen, pp. 56-67.
Phillips, Susan D. 1994. "New Social Movements in Canadian Politics" in James
B. Bickerton and Alain-G. Gagnon, eds., Canadian Politics. 2d ed. Peterborough, ON:
Broadview, pp. 188-206.
Picot, André. 1928. La réforme de la loi française sur la nationalité.
Paris.
Piven, Frances Fox and Richard A. Cloward. 1977. Poor People's Movements: Why They
Succeed, How They Fail. New York: Vintage Books.
Poinsot, Marie. 1991. "L'intégration politique des jeunes Maghrébins: deux
stratégies associatives dans la région lilloise." Revue Européene des
Migrations Internationales 7(3): 119-38.
________. 1993. "Competition for Political Legitimacy at Local and National Level
among young North Africans in France." New Community 20(1): 79-92.
Polac, Catherine. 1991. "Quand les immigrés prennent la parole - histoire social
du journal Sans Frontière, 1979-85." Mémoire de D.E.A., Institute d'Études
Politiques, Paris.
Porter, John. 1965. The Vertical Mosaic. Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Poussou, J.-P. and F. Malino. 1988. "Le Peuple sans Droits" in Yves Lequin,
ed., La Mosaique France. Paris: Larousse, pp. 255-74.
Power, Jonathan. 1979. Migrant Workers in Western Europe and the United States.
Oxford: Pergamon Press.
Pross, A. Paul. 1975. "Pressure Groups: Adaptive Instruments of Political
Communication" in A. Paul Pross, ed., Pressure Group Behavior in Canadian Politics.
Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson, pp. 1-26.
Prost, Antoine. 1966. "L'immigration en France depuis cent ans." Esprit
34: 532-45.
Przeworski, Adam and H. Teune. 1970. The Logic of Comparative Social Inquiry.
New York: John Wiley.
Québec. 1990a. Le mouvement d'immigration d'hier à aujourd'hui. Montreal:
Ministère des Communautés culturelles et de l'Immigration.
________. 1990b. Vision: A policy statement on immigration and integration.
Radecki, Henry. 1979. Ethnic Organizational Dynamics: The Polish Group in Canada.
Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
Rajagopal, Indu. 1990. "The Glass Ceiling on the Vertical Mosaic: Indian
Immigrants in Canada." Canadian Ethnic Studies 22(1): 96-105.
Ramcharan, Subhas. 1982. Racism, nonwhites in Canada. Toronto: Butterworths.
Rees, Tim. 1990. "Race Relations and Citizenship." Currents 6: 1.
Reitz, Jeffrey and Raymond Breton. 1993. The Canadian Mosaic and American
Melting-Pot: Is there really a Difference? University of Toronto.
Renan, Ernest. 1990. "What is a nation?" in Homi K. Bhabha, ed., Nation
and Narration. London and New York: Routledge. [Originally delivered at a conference
at the Sorbonne in 1882.]
Rex, John. 1987. "Introduction: The Scope of a Comparative Study" in John
Rex, Daniele Joly, and Czarina Wilpert, eds., Immigrant Associations in Europe.
Aldershot, England: Gower, pp. 1-10.
Richmond, Anthony. 1976. "Urban Ethnic Conflict in Britain and Canada: A
Comparative Perspective" in Susan E. Clarke and Jeffrey L. Obler, eds., Urban
Ethnic Conflict: A Comparative Perspective. Chapel Hill, NC: Institute for Research in
Social Science, pp. 164-204.
________. 1982. Ethnocultural Social Indicators for Canada: A Background Paper.
Ottawa: Department of the Secretary of State (Social Trends Analysis Directorate).
________. 1988. Immigration and Ethnic Conflict. London: MacMillan.
Rogers, Rosemarie, ed. 1985. Guests Come to Stay: The Effects of European Labor
Migration on Sending and Receiving Countries. Boulder, CO: Westview.
Roth, David F., Paul V. Warwick, and David W. Paul. 1989. Comparative Politics:
Diverse States in an Interdependent World. New York: Harper and Row.
Rothschild, Joseph. 1981. Ethnopolitics: A Conceptual Framework. New York:
Columbia University Press.
Roux, Michel. 1989. "De bon usage des jeunes gens trop remuants," in Bernard
Lorreyte, ed., Les politiques d'intégration des jeunes issus de l'immigration,
Paris: CIEMI, l'Harmattan, pp. 293-318.
Rucht, Dieter. 1991a. "Sociological Theory as a Theory of Social Movements? A
Critique of Alain Touraine," in Dieter Rucht, ed., Research on Social Movements.
Frankfurt: Campus Verlag and Boulder, CO: Westview, pp. 355-84.
________. In preparation. "The Impact of national contexts on social movement
structures: a cross-movement and cross-national comparison," in Doug McAdam, John
McCarthy, and Mayer Zald, eds., Opportunities, Mobilizing Structures, and Framing:
Comparative Applications of Contemporary Movement Theory.
________, ed. 1991b. Research on Social Movements. Frankfurt: Campus Verlag and
Boulder, CO: Westview.
Ruprecht, Tony. 1990. Toronto's Many Faces. Vancouver and Toronto: Whitecap
Books.
Safran, William. 1983. "Interest Groups in Three Industrial Democracies," in
Fred Eidlin, ed., Constitutional Democracy: Essays in Comparative Politics.
Boulder, CO: Westview, pp. 315-43.
________. 1985. "The Mitterrand Regime and its policies of Ethnocultural
Accommodation." Comparative Politics 18: 41-62.
________. 1986. "Islamization in Western Europe: Political Consequences and
Historical Parallels." The Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social
Science 485 (May): 98-112.
________. 1990. "The French and their national identity: the Quest for Elusive
Substance?" French Politics & Society 8(1): 56-67.
Samuel, T. John. 1990. "Third World Immigration and Multiculturalism" in
Shiva S. Halli, Frank Trovato, and Leo Driedger, eds., Ethnic Demography: Canadian
Immigrant, Racial and Cultural Variations. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, pp.
383-98.
Satzewich, Victor and Peter S. Li. 1987. "Immigrant Labor in Canada: The Cost and
Benefit of Ethnic Origin in the Job Market." Canadian Journal of Sociology
12(3): 229-41.
Sayad, Abdelmalek. 1985. "Exister c'est exister politiquement." Presses et
immigrés en France 135-6 (November-December).
Schain, Martin A. 1988. "Immigration and Changes in the French party system."
European Journal of Political Research 16(6): 597-621.
________. 1993. "Ordinary Politics: Immigrants, Direct Action and the Political
Process in France." Paper presented to the American Political Science Association
Meetings, Washington, D.C., September.
Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. 1991. The Disuniting of America: Reflections on a
Multicultural Society. New York: Norton.
Schmidt, Ronald J. 1992. "The Political Incorporation of Immigrants in California:
An Institutional Assessment." Paper presented at the American Political Science
Meetings, Chicago, September.
Schmitter, Barbara. 1979. "Immigration and Citizenship in West Germany and
Switzerland." Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Chicago.
Schmitter Heisler, Barbara. 1992. "The Future of Immigrant Incorporation: Which
Models? Which Concepts?" International Migration Review 26(2): 623-45.
Schmitter Heisler, Barbara and Martin O. Heisler. 1986. "Transnational Migration
and the Modern Democratic State: Familiar Problems in New Form or a New Problem?" The
Annals 485: 12-22.
Schnapper, Dominique. 1988. "Sur la commission de la nationalité." Esprit.
no 139: 54-63.
________. 1990. "Le citoyen, les nations, et l'Europe" in Dominique Schnapper
and Henri Mendra, eds., Six manières d'être Europeen. Paris: Gallimard, pp.
241-63.
________. 1991a. "Contre le droit de vote des étrangers." Pouvoirs Locaux
10/11: 96-100.
________. 1991b. La France de l'intégration. Paris: Gallimard.
Schor, Ralph. 1985. L'opinion française et les étrangers en France 1919-1939.
Paris: Publications de la Sorbonne.
Schuck, Peter, and Rogers Smith. 1985. Citizenship without Consent. New Haven,
CT: Yale University Press.
Schumaker Paul D. 1975. "Policy Responsiveness to Protest-Group Demands." The
Journal of Politics 37:488-521.
Sécretariat Général à l'Intégration. 1992. L'Immigration en France des
ressortissants des pays d'Afrique Noire. Rapport du groupe de travail
interministériel, Paris, June.
Silberman, Roxane. 1992. "French Immigration Statistics" in Donald Horowitz
and Gerard Noiriel, eds., Immigrants in Two Democracies: French and American Experience.
New York: New York University Press, pp. 112-23.
Silver, A.I. 1982. The French-Canadian Idea of Confederation, 1864-1900.
Toronto: University of Toronto Press.
Silverman, Maxim. 1991. "Citizenship and the nation-state in France." Ethnic
and Racial Studies 14(3): 333-49.
________. 1992. Deconstructing the Nation: Immigration, Racism, Citizenship in
Modern France. London and New York: Routledge.
Simeant, Johanna. 1993. "Le mouvement des deboutés du droit d'asile." Paris:
Institut d'Etudes Politiques, Unpublished paper.
Simmons, Alan B. 1990. "'New Wave' Immigrants: Origins and Characteristics"
in Shiva S. Halli, Frank Trovato, and Leo Driedger, eds., Ethnic Demography: Canadian
Immigrant, Racial and Cultural Variations. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, pp.
141-59.
Smith, Anthony D. 1991. National Identity. Reno: University of Nevada Press.
Snow, David A., and Robert Benford. 1988. "Ideology, Frame Resonance, and
Participant Mobilization," in Bert Klandermans, Hanspeter Kriesi, and Sidney Tarrow,
eds., From Structure to Action: Comparing Social Movement Research Across Cultures.
International Social Movement Research, Vol. 1. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 197-217.
Snow, David A., E. Burke Rochford, Jr., Steven K. Worden, and Robert D. Benford. 1986.
"Frame alignment processes, micromobilization, and movement participation." American
Sociological Review. 51: 464-81.
Stasiulis, Daiva. 1980. "The Political Structuring of Ethnic Community Action: A
Reformulation." Canadian Ethnic Studies 12: 19-44.
________. 1982. "Race, Ethnicity, and the State: The Political Structuring of
South Asian and West Indian Communal Action in Combatting Racism." Ph.D. diss.,
University of Toronto.
________. 1988. "The Symbolic Mosaic Reaffirmed: Multiculturalism Policy" in
Katherine A. Graham, ed., How Ottawa Spends, 1988-89. Ottawa: Carleton University
Press, pp. 81-111.
________. 1990. "The Politics of Minority Resistance against Racism in the Local
State," in Roxana Ng, Gillian Walker, and Jacob Muller, eds., Community
Organization and the Canadian State. Toronto: Garamond, pp. 213-36.
________. 1991. "Symbolic Representation and the Numbers Game: Tory Policies on
'Race' and Visible Minorities" in Frances Abele, ed., How Ottawa Spends: The
Politics of Fragmentation, 1991-92. Ottawa: Carleton University Press, pp. 229-67.
Stora, Benjamin. "Les fondateurs de l'étoile Nord-Africaine." Sans
Frontières, no. 88/89.
Suleiman, Ezra N. 1987. Private Power and Centralization in France: The Notaires and
the State. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Taguieff, Pierre-André. 1988. La Force du prejugé: essai sur le racisme et ses
doubles. Paris: Editions la Découverte.
Taguieff, Pierre-André, and Patrick Weil. 1990. "Immigration, fait national et
citoyenneté." Esprit 5: 87-102.
Tapinos, Georges. 1975. L'Immigration Etrangère en France, 1946-1973. Cahier
no. 71. Paris: INED, Presses Universitaires de France.
Tarrow, Sidney. 1983. Struggling to Reform: Social Movements and Policy Change
during Cycles of Protest. Western Societies Program, Occasional Paper no. 15. Center
for International Studies, Cornell University.
________. 1989a. Democracy and Disorder: Protest and Politics in Italy, 1965-75.
Oxford: Clarendon Press.
________. 1989b. Struggle, Politics, and Reform: Collective Action, Social
Movements, and Cycles of Protest. Western Societies Program, Occasional Paper no. 21.
Center for International Studies, Cornell University.
________. 1994. Power in Movement: Social Movements, Collective Action and Politics.
New York: Cambridge University Press.
Thomas, William I. and Florian Znaniecki. 1927. The Polish Peasant in Europe and
America. New York: Alfred Knopf.
Thompson, Robert J. and Joseph R. Rudolph, Jr. 1986. "Ethnic Politics and Public
Policy in Western Societies: A Framework for Comparative Analysis" in Dennis L.
Thompson and Dov Ronen, Ethnicity, Politics, and Development. Boulder, CO: Lynne
Rienner Publishers, pp. 25-63.
Tilly, Charles. 1978. From Mobilization to Revolution. Reading, MA:
Addison-Wesley.
________. 1986. The Contentious French. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Torrance, Judy M. 1986. Public Violence in Canada, 1867-1982. Kingston:
McGill-Queen's University Press.
Touraine, Alain. 1969. La société postindustrielle. Paris: Denoel.
________. 1973. Vie et mort du Chili populaire. Paris: Seuil.
________. 1978. La voix et le regard. Paris: Seuil.
Touraine, Alain, François Dubet, Michel Wieviorka, and J. Strzeclecki. 1982. Solidarité.
Analyse d'un mouvement social. Pologne 1979-1981. Paris: Fayard.
Tribalat, Michèle, ed. 1991. Cent Ans d'Immigration, Étrangers d'Hier Français
d'aujourd'hui. Cahier no. 131. Paris: INED, PUF.
Turner, Bryan S. 1990. "Outline of a Theory of Citizenship." Sociology
24(2): 189-217.
Ubale, Bhausaheb. 1977. "Equal Opportunity and Public Policy: A Report on Concerns
of the South Asian Canadian Community regarding their place in the Canadian Mosaic."
Report submitted to the Attorney General of Ontario.
________. 1992. Politics of Exclusion: Multiculturalism or Ghettoism. Toronto:
Ampri.
Ujimoto, K. Victor. 1982. "Visible Minorities and Multiculturalism: Planned Social
Change Strategies for the Next Decade." Journal of Canadian Studies 17 (1):
111-21.
Ujimoto, K. Victor and Gordon Hirabayashi, eds. 1980. Visible Minorities and
Multiculturalism: Asians in Canada. Toronto, Boston: Butterworths.
Urban Alliance on Race Relations. 1994 (November). Special Investigations Unit (SIU)
Draft Protocol Public Consultation. Report submitted to the Attorney General of the
Province of Ontario, The Honourable Marion Boyd.
Verbrunt, Gilles. 1988. "Peut-on être français sans l'être?" Les
Cahiers de l'Orient 11: 141-150.
Vichniac, Judith. 1991. "French Socialists and Droit à la Différence: A
Changing Dynamic." French Politics & Society 9(1): 40-56.
Wallis, Maria. 1988. "Racial Minority Immigrant Women and Race Relations."
Toronto: Women Working with Immigrant Women.
Walzer, Michael. 1983. Spheres of Justice: A Defense of Pluralism and Equity.
New York: Basic Books.
Watt, Susan. 1991. "The future of civilian oversight of policing." Canadian
Journal of Criminology (October): 347-62.
Wayland, Sarah. 1992. "Political Participation: Immigrant and Visible Minority
Associational Movements in Toronto." Paper presented at the American Political
Science Association Meetings, Chicago, September.
________. 1993. "Mobilising to defend nationality law in France." New
Community 20(1): 93-110.
Webb, Keith et al. 1983. "Etiology and Outcomes of Protest." American
Behavioral Scientist 26(3): 311-331.
Weber, Eugen. 1976. Peasants into Frenchmen: The Modernization of Rural France,
1870-1914. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Weil, Patrick. 1991a. La France et ses Etrangers. Paris: Calmann-Lévy.
________. 1991b. "Immigration and the rise of racism in France: the contradictions
in Mitterrand's policies." French Politics & Society 9(3-4): 82-100.
Weinfeld, Morton. 1981. "The Development of Affirmative Action in Canada." Canadian
Ethnic Studies 13: 23-39.
Whitaker, Reg. 1987. Double Standard: The Secret History of Canadian Immigration.
Toronto: Lester and Orpen Dennys Ltd.
Whylie, Dwight. 1988. "Promises, Promises, Promises." Share. 20 July:
6.
________. 1992. "Employment Equity Cometh." Share. 2 July: 7.
Wieviorka, Michel. 1992. La France Raciste. Paris: Seuil.
Wihtol de Winden, Catherine. 1987. Citoyenneté, nationalité, et immigration.
Paris: Arcantère.
________. 1988. Les immigrés et la politique. Paris: Presses de la Fondation
Nationale des Sciences Politiques.
________. 1989. "Nationalité, statut juridique et processus d'intégration"
in B. Lorreyte, ed., Les Politiques d'Intégration des jeunes issus de l'Immigration.
Paris: CIEMI, l'Harmattan, pp. 205-210.
________. 1990a. "Les droits politiques des étrangers en Europe." L'Europe
Multi-Communautaire. Special joint edition of IM'média and Plein Droit, La
Revue du Gisti: 105-10.
________. 1990b. "Présentation," in Rémy Leveau and Catherine Wihtol de
Wenden, eds., Modes d'insertion des populations de culture islamique dans le système
politique française. Paris: CERI.
________. 1992. "Les associations 'beur' et immigrées, leurs leaders, leurs
stratégies." Regards sur l'actualité. February: 31-44.
________, ed. 1988. La Citoyenneté. Paris: Edilig/Fondation Diderot.
Wilson, Frank Lee. 1987. Interest-group politics in France. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Winks, Robin. 1971. The Blacks in Canada. Montreal: McGill-Queen's University
Press.
Yahiel, Michel. 1988. "Le FAS: questions de principe." Revue Européenne
des Migrations Internationales 4: 107-13.
Yonnet, Paul. 1993. Voyage au centre du malaise français. Paris: Gallimard.
Zolberg, Aristide R. 1981. "International Migration in Political
Perspective," in Mary M. Kritz, Charles B. Keely, and Silvano M. Tomasi, eds., Global
Trends in Migration. New York: Center for Migration Studies, pp. 3-27.
Newspapers:
Canadian
- Contrast
- The Globe and Mail
- Share
- The Toronto Star
- The Toronto Sun
French
- La Croix
- Le Figaro
- Le Journal du Dimanche
- Le Matin
- Le Monde
- Le Monde Diplomatique
- Le Nouvel Observateur
- Le Quotidien de Paris
- Libération
Other
- The Economist
- The New York Times
- The Washington Post
Abstract/Preface/Dedication/Acknowledgements/Table of Contents/List
of Figures
Chapter 1 - Chapter 2 - Chapter 3 - Chapter 4 - Chapter 5 - Chapter 6 - Chapter 7 - Chapter 8 - Appendix/Bibliography
Back to Top
|